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Words by Sandy Anghie

In WA we have the highest proportion of four bedroom homes in the country, and the lowest proportion of two bedroom homes. What we lack is housing diversity. This is something the Medium Density Code can help provide.

Smaller homes obviously cost less and are quicker to build. They are also more sustainable. That's why the Australian Institute of Architects in WA is advocating for a "voluntary opt in" pathway for the State Government’s new Medium Density Code. Following the State Government’s announcement to defer gazettal of the new Medium Density Code, there has been considerable activity and discussion on a way forward.

Industry groups understand Minister Carey had to act to ensure there are no further constraints on the already challenging supply of housing. Equally there is a great deal of support to find a way to retain the enormous amount of work undertaken industry-wide in relation to the new Code.

The WA Chapters of the Institute of Architects, Association of Consulting Architects, Planning Institute and others are united in a desire to see a "voluntary opt in" to the new Code. With a dual pathway, some can continue to use the existing R-Codes, while others can voluntarily opt to use the new Code.

Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. This is an exterior shot of a modern house, featuring clean, white painted brick walls. A tree with a thick trunk and green foliage partially obscures the view. There's a variety of lush greenery, including large broad-leafed plants, adding a touch of nature to the urban setting.
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson
This image showcases a modern bedroom with a view into an outdoor seating area. The bedroom features a cozy gray bed with a knitted throw and patterned pillows, set against a simple white painted brick wall. Above the bed hangs a framed "MOONSHINE" poster, adding a touch of personality to the room. To the side of the bed, there's a wooden nightstand with a plant, enhancing the room's natural feel. The ceiling above is lined with warm wooden panels, and two simple pendant lights dangle, casting a soft glow. Through the open sliding glass door, one can see a quaint outdoor area with a wooden table and chairs set upon a pebbled patio, inviting relaxation.
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson

Much of the discussion to date on the new Code has been about improving the quality of design. And that’s important. Items like incentivised retention of mature trees; optimising indoor living spaces through solar orientation; connection to garden; improving sustainability; and consideration of local context and “neighbourliness”, have all been raised.

These design considerations at the heart of the new Code will not only improve the design quality of urban infill, but also the operational performance of homes – saving people money in the long term. It could also be the answer to NIMBYISM in our existing suburbs. But that’s only half the story. The other side of the conversation, and something not widely understood, is the diversity of housing – and choice - the new Code enables.

There are a number of architecture businesses, planners and developers with innovative homes designed and ready to go under the new Code. Without a voluntary opt in, these projects can't proceed, meaning homes can't be delivered in a market where we desperately need more homes.

Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects.This image features a modern, split-level interior with a dining area in the foreground and a lounge space a few steps up. The dining area includes a simple white table with chairs and a large clear vase with eucalyptus branches. Pendant lights hang above, and natural light streams in through large sliding glass doors. The lounge area is minimalistic with a wooden media console, flat-screen TV, and a cozy light gray sofa with cushions. The white walls and wooden flooring create a warm, inviting atmosphere, enhanced by indoor plants, adding a touch of greenery to the space.
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects.This image presents a view of a row of modern terraced houses with a distinctive architectural style. The buildings feature crisp white facades with vertical wooden slat detailing that adds texture and contrast. Each house has a pointed roof shape, creating an interesting skyline. The front of the homes is landscaped with well-maintained garden beds that include large, broad-leafed plants, adding a touch of greenery against the white walls. A mature tree on the left adds a natural element to the urban environment. The scene is well-lit with natural sunlight, casting soft shadows on the driveway and white boundary fence, which provides privacy while complementing the modern aesthetic of the houses.
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson

Here’s just one example. A 330sqm Scarborough site zoned R30. Under the new Code a proposal for two small dwellings with two associated ancillary dwellings is possible - making 4 rental units available in a desirable location in a high demand market. Without the new Code only a single home can be built on this block.

There are many more examples like this illustrating the housing choice the new Code could provide. And we definitely need housing choice. According to ABS Data the average number of occupants in a home is 2.5 people, with an increasing number of lone person households, currently at 25%. Not everyone needs a four bedroom home, or even three. However, here in WA we currently have the most four bedroom homes in the country. What we are lacking is housing diversity.

In WA four bedroom dwellings make up 36.2% of housing stock. The next highest is Queensland with 29.1%, followed by the ACT with 27.8%. In New South Wales and Victoria the proportion of four bedroom dwellings is 10% less than in WA.

At other end of the scale, in WA we also have the lowest proportion of two bedroom dwellings in Australia at only 12.1%. The next lowest is Queensland at 16.2%, while in NSW 21.8% of dwellings have one bedroom.

Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects.
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects.
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson

We share the State Government’s view that increasing housing supply is paramount. For this reason we believe a dual pathway is the best option – providing new options under the new Code, alongside a pathway to use our current R-Codes in areas coded R30 and R40.

It’s about choice – people can choose to build 4 bedrooms, or just one or two. The new Medium Density Code provides huge opportunity. So let the market decide. Maybe it’s time to flip the trend from increasingly bigger houses, to more sustainable smaller homes.

If you're interested in further exploring the innovative solutions and creative approaches to affordable housing, we invite you to read the other insightful articles from the Affordable Housing Thoughts and Ideas Series by Perth's Leading Architects.

Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects.The interior view highlights a bright, open-plan kitchen and dining space with sleek, contemporary design. The kitchen boasts white countertops and cabinetry, with a central island featuring a wooden countertop. A pink-tiled backsplash adds a pop of color. The dining area includes a wooden table with modern chairs and shelving adorned with decorative items. Natural light floods in from the large windows and door at the back.
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects.he focus here is on a modern staircase with a minimalist aesthetic. Wooden steps ascend from a white base, leading up to a second level. A simple wooden balustrade lines the staircase, and the walls are white, enhancing the clean, bright feel of the space. In the background, a kitchen area with a red-tiled backsplash is partially visible below the stairs.
Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson

Carrington Street Terraces by MDC Architects. Photography by Dion Robeson